Human Poliovirus receptor(PVR) ELISA kit

Mediates NK cell adhesion and triggers NK cell effector functions. Binds two different NK cell receptors: CD96 and CD226. These interactions accumulates at the cell-cell contact site, leading to the formation of a mature immunological synapse between NK cell and target cell. This may trigger adhesion and secretion of lytic granules and IFN-gamma and activate cytotoxicity of activated NK cells. May also promote NK cell-target cell modular exchange, and PVR transfer to the NK cell. This transfer is more important in some tumor cells expressing a lot of PVR, and may trigger fratricide NK cell activation, providing tumors with a mechanism of immunoevasion. Plays a role in mediating tumor cell invasion and migration.; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for poliovirus. May play a role in axonal transport of poliovirus, by targeting virion-PVR-containing endocytic vesicles to the microtubular network through interaction with DYNLT1. This interaction would drive the virus-containing vesicle to the axonal retrograde transport.; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Pseudorabies virus.; (Microbial infection) Is prevented to reach cell surface upon infection by Human cytomegalovirus /HHV-5, presumably to escape immune recognition of infected cell by NK cells.

1. These findings highlight the importance of the TIGIT/CD226/PVR axis as an immune checkpoint barrier that could hinder future "cure" strategies requiring potent HIV-specific CD8(+) T cells PMID: 28084312
2. Study investigated the more detailed mechanism for this cis-interaction of Necl-5 with the PDGF receptor beta. Necl-5 contains three Ig-like domains and the PDGF receptor beta contains five Ig-like domains at their extracellular regions; showed that the third Ig-like domain of Necl-5 cis-interacted with the fifth Ig-like domain of the PDGF receptor beta. PMID: 29431243
3. Studied association of poliovirus receptor (PVR/CD155) mutation and cleft lip and cleft palate. Validated previous findings that PVR/CD155 markers are associated with cleft lip and palate. PMID: 29381645
4. The authors demonstrate that HIV and specifically Nef and/or Vpu do not modulate CD155 on infected primary T cells and both CD155 and NKG2D ligands synergize as a natural killer cell receptor to trigger natural killer cell lysis of the infected cell. PMID: 27296670
5. Data show that gastric cancer cells inhibit T-cell metabolism through CD155/TIGIT signaling. PMID: 28883004
6. Studies showed that CD155 was frequently overexpressed in human malignant tumors. Its overexpression promotes tumor cell invasion and migration, and is associated with tumor progression. [review] PMID: 28730595
7. soluble CD226 elevated in sera of CTCL patients would be important for tumor immunity by interacting with CD155 on tumor cells. PMID: 28395975
8. data reveal that MICA and PVR are directly regulated by human cytomegalovirus immediate early proteins, and this may be crucial for the onset of an early host antiviral response PMID: 27733551
9. The SNP detection assay was successfully developed for identification of Ala67Thr polymorphism in human PVR/CD155 gene. The SNP assay will be useful for large scale screening of DNA samples. PMID: 27834324
10. sCD155 levels were significantly decreased after surgical resection of cancers. Thus, sCD155 level in serum may be potentially useful as a biomarker for cancer development and progression PMID: 27049654
11. implying that TIGIT exerts immunosuppressive effects by competing with DNAM-1 for the same ligand, CD155 PMID: 26842126
12. The present study provides evidence that regulation of the PVR/CD155 DNAM-1 ligand expression by nitric oxide may represent an additional immune-mediated mechanism and supports the anti-myeloma activity of nitric oxide donors. PMID: 25609078
13. Our findings suggest that loss of CD155 expression may play an important role in the immune escape of HCC cells and thus CD155 may serve as a prognostic marker as well as a potential therapeutic target for HCC. PMID: 25320021
14. CD155 may play a critical role through both immunological and non-immuno logical mechanisms in pancreatic cancer and may be a therapeutic target for this intractable malignancy. PMID: 25862891
15. CD155 (PVR/Necl5) mediates a costimulatory signal in CD4+ T cells and regulates allergic inflammation. PMID: 25972481
16. The cell-surface receptor (Pvr) catalyzes a large structural change in the poliovirus that exposes membrane-binding protein chains. PMID: 25631086
17. In granulosa cells, there are significant changes in expression during follicular maturation. PMID: 24828608
18. UPR decreases CD226 ligand CD155 expression and sensitivity to NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity in hepatoma cells. PMID: 25209846
19. Ala residues 10, 14 and 18 in the TM domain of Vpu are required for CD155 downregulation. PMID: 25113908
20. TIGIT/PVR ligation signaling mediates suppression of IFN-gamma production via the NF-kappaB pathway. PMID: 24817116
21. UL141 can inhibit cell-surface expression of both natural killer (NK) cell-activating ligand CD155 as well as TRAIL death receptors (TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2). PMID: 24598754
22. Vpr upregulates PVR during Hiv-1 infection by activating ATR kinase that triggers the DNA damage rsponse pathway and G2 arrest. PMID: 24045107
23. The CD226/CD155 interaction regulates the proinflammatory (Th1/Th17)/anti-inflammatory (Th2) balance in humans. PMID: 23980210
24. PVR resides in the recently identified lateral border recycling compartment, similar to PECAM and CD99. PMID: 23333754
25. findings suggest Necl-5 expression in lung cancer cells is crucial for their invasiveness in the cancer-stromal interaction PMID: 23276719
26. The concordant computational and experimental data of the present study indicate that the extent of NECL-5 expression correlates with melanoma progression. PMID: 22929570
27. we demonstrated the expression of both CD155 mRNA and protein in bone and soft tissue sarcoma cell lines PMID: 22692919
28. Expression of PVR in B-ALL cells is modulated by epigenetic mechanisms. PMID: 22169283
29. This investigation has enhanced understanding of cell invasion and confirmed CD44 to play a more significant role in this biological process than CD155. PMID: 22363471
30. the PVR downmodulation by Nef and Vpu is a strategy evolved by HIV-1 to prevent NK cell-mediated lysis of infected cells. PMID: 22301152
31. Data show that a high expression of CD112 and CD155 (DNAM-1 ligands) on leukemic blasts. PMID: 21383766
32. The host TICAM-1 pathway, particularly in macrophages, serves as a source of type I interferon induction that protects poliovirus (PV) receptor-bearing transgenic mice from PV infection and paralytic death. PMID: 21998457
33. CD155 is an IFNgamma-inducible immune regulatory protein on the surface of human endothelial cells that attenuates the acquisition of effector functions in CD8 T cells. PMID: 21330602
34. Necl-5 plays a role in mediating tumor cell invasion and that the overexpression of Necl-5 in cancer cells has clinical significance for prognostic evaluation of patients with primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma. PMID: 20331633
35. We propose that the cytoplasmic domain may target CD155-containing endocytic vesicles to the microtubular network PMID: 11751937
36. activation of expression of sonic hedgehog protein PMID: 11983699
37. Data show that both PVR and Nectin-2 represent specific ligands for the DNAM-1 triggering receptor. PMID: 12913096
38. CD155 may have an important role in cellular function PMID: 12943679
39. These data indicate that Tage4 represents the functional orthologue of CD155 in mouse. PMID: 14652024
40. that DNAM-1 regulates monocyte extravasation via its interaction with CD226 expressed at endothelial junctions on normal cells. PMID: 15136589
41. These results suggest that CD155alpha plays a role in the regulation of cell adhesion and cell motility. PMID: 15194502
42. cytoplasmic domain of PVR directly interacts with Tctex-1 and plays an important role in retrograde transport of poliovirus-containing vesicles along microtubules in vivo PMID: 15194795
43. Upregulation of the molecular target CD155 renders explant cultures of high-grade malignant gliomas highly susceptible to a prototype oncolytic poliovirus recombinant. PMID: 15279713
44. Analysis of the ligands for triggering NK receptors revealed the consistent expression of cd155 and cd112 in myeloid leukemias, and less frequent expression in lymphoblastic leukemias PMID: 15536144
45. Evasion of NK cell killing was mediated by human cytomegalovirus UL141 blocking surface expression of CD155 PMID: 15640804
46. Necl-5 has a critical role in integrin alphavbeta3 clustering and focal complex formation PMID: 17446174
47. Results describe the establishment of a poliovirus oral infection system in human poliovirus receptor-expressing transgenic mice that are deficient in alpha/beta interferon receptor. PMID: 17507470
48. no statistically significant association between this marker allele and non-syndromic clefting PMID: 17534374
49. CD155, at least in part, enhances the proliferation of ras-mutated cells PMID: 17893876
50. crystal structure of C155 D1D2 has been determined to 3.5-A resolution and fitted into approximately 8.5-A resolution cryoelectron microscopy reconstructions of the virus-receptor complexes for the 3 PV serotypes PMID: 19011098

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[Isoform Alpha]: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.; [Isoform Delta]: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.; [Isoform Beta]: Secreted.; [Isoform Gamma]: Secreted.

Nectin family

HGNC: 9705

OMIM: 173850

KEGG: hsa:5817

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000402060

UniGene: Hs.171844